An advanced 1D physics-based model for PEM hydrogen fuel cells with enhanced overvoltage prediction
CoRR(2024)
摘要
A one-dimensional, dynamic, two-phase, isothermal and finite-difference model
of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems has been developed. It is
distinct from most existing models which are either fast but imprecise, such as
lumped-parameter models, or detailed but computationally intensive, such as
computational fluid dynamics models. This model, partially validated using
experimental polarisation curves, provides a comprehensive description of cell
internal states while maintaining a low computational burden. Additionally, a
new physical quantity, named the limit liquid water saturation coefficient
(s_lim), is introduced in the overvoltage calculation equation. This
quantity replaces the limit current density coefficient (i_lim) and
establishes a connection between the voltage drop at high current densities,
the amount of liquid water present in the catalyst layers of the cell, and the
operating conditions. At high current densities, a significant amount of liquid
water is generated, which limits the accessibility of reactants to certain
triple point zones within the catalyst layers by covering them. This, in turn,
increases overpotential. It has also been observed that s_lim is
influenced, at minimum, by the gas pressure imposed by the operator.
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