Chemical constituents of the deep-sea-derived fungus Trichoderma simmonsii ZEN3 and their chemotaxonomic significance

Chemical investigation of deep-sea-derived fungus Trichoderma simmonsii ZEN3 led to the isolation of 16 compounds, including four steroids (1−4), four alkaloids (5−8), four polyketides (9−12), two lipids (13 and 14), one oxygenated cyclohexane derivative (15), and one harziandione (16). The structures of these compounds were determined mainly by detailed analysis of NMR spectra data. All compounds were isolated from T. simmonsii for the first time. Compounds 3−5, 7, 8, and 15 were isolated from the genus Trichoderma for the first time, and could be chemotaxonomic markers that distinguished T. simmonsii from other Trichoderma species. Compounds 11, 13, and 16 could be chemotaxonomic markers of the genus Trichoderma.