Investigation of arc behavior and welding formation for a novel vector gas regulated plasma arc welding

This study introduces a novel vector gas regulated plasma arc welding technique incorporating four auxiliary gas channels integrated within the water-cooled nozzle. Four different forms plasma arcs were generated by introducing four, three, two or none gas streams through the auxiliary channels respectively. Experimental and simulation methods were used to compare arc pressure, arc temperature characteristics for different arc types respectively. It was found that auxiliary gases can adjust the arc pressure and temperature field distribution on workpiece. In comparison to conventional plasma arc welding, the novel PAW can enhance the plasma arc penetration and adjust the thermal and force distribution. It offers increased welding efficiency and adaptability to diverse conditions, has a significant application potential in plasma arc welding technology.