Preparation and Characterization of Graphene/Carbon Nano-Cellulose/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Electric Heating Membrane

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are a kind of natural macromolecules. Carbonized cellulose nanofiber (C-CNF) can be obtained by carbonizing CNFs, whose structure is similar to that of graphite. When C-CNFs are used in the assembly of graphene and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, the electric heating membranes with high performance and a stable stacking structure can be constructed. Graphene/C-CNF/PVDF (GCP) dispersion was prepared using the solution blending method, and GCP membrane was prepared with the vacuum drying method. The results show that the resistance of the GCP membrane is controlled at about 40.6–74.6 Ω, which is a little different from that of the graphene/PVDF membrane (89 Ω). The equilibrium temperatures of the GCP membranes with different graphene mass fractions increase linearly with the increase of voltage. The GCP-03 membrane reached 158 °C quickly at 6 V, which is the highest temperature compared to other membranes. From the infrared thermography, it is clear that the GCP membranes have excellent electrical and thermal properties, good thermal stability, and uniform heat distribution, which will allow functional textiles to play a greater role in various fields such as aerospace and industry.