Antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibition potentials of Ficus carica wood bark and related bioactive phenolic metabolites

Considering the bioactive composition and therapeutic interest of Ficus carica, much research has been conducted on its fruits and leaves. However, there has been relatively little investigation regarding the wood bark, despite its potential as a rich source of phytochemical compounds with diverse biological activities. The aim of this work is the determination of the phenolic composition of the wood bark extracts of F. carica from three cultivars (Aberkane, Aghanime, and Bakour) and the assessment of their potential cytotoxicity and bioactive capacities such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. The phytochemical compounds were identified and quantified using UPLC-ESI-MS. The results revealed that Aberkane wood bark cultivar had the highest content of total polyphenols and ascorbic acid, while Aghanime cultivar had the highest content of flavonoids. The wood bark of the Aberkane cultivar exhibited the highest DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities (48.55