Indications and Outcomes of Liver Transplantation for Liver Tumors in the United States.
Surgery in Practice and Science(2024)
Abstract
Background
While hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the leading cause of liver transplant (LT) for liver tumors, indications have broadened over the years. Data regarding patient characteristics and outcomes of LT for liver tumors are limited.
Methods
From Jan-2002 to March-2022, 14,406 LT recipients for various liver tumors were identified in United Network for Organ Sharing database. Overall post-transplant survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model.
Results
During the study period, indications for LT for various hepatic tumors were HCC (88.5%), benign tumors (5.1%), cholangiocarcinoma (3.9%), angiosarcoma (0.7%), bile duct cancer (0.7%), secondary tumors (0.5%) and others (0.7%). Compared to non-HCC, LT recipients for HCC were older (median age 61 vs 54 years, P<0.001), more male (77% vs 48%, P<0.001), more Hispanic (16% vs 8.0%), had higher BMI (28.2 vs 25.3, P<0.001) and with higher prevalence of Hepatitis C (53% vs 3.9%, P<0.001). Donor characteristics across various groups were similar. One-year survival in LT recipients of HCC was higher (HCC: 91.7% vs. non-HCC: 90.3%) with adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) of 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.99, P=0.033 in a multivariable Cox regression analysis. Compared to HCC, survival outcomes were worse in cholangiocarcinoma (aHR 1.70; 95%CI 1.43-2.01, P<0.001), bile duct cancer (aHR 3.03; 95%CI 2.12-4.33, P<0.001), secondary tumors including colon cancer and neuroendocrine tumors (aHR 1.88; 95% CI 1.24-2.85, P=0.003), with best survival in patients with benign tumors (aHR 0.57; 95%CI 0.46-0.70, P<0.001).
Conclusions
LT is performed for various liver tumors with variable outcomes among these primary indications.
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Key words
liver transplant,tumor,hepatocellular carcinoma,outcomes,cholangiocarcinoma
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