The extraction and concentration methods by desalination and PEG for hepatitis a virus detection in salted shellfish

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has caused massive foodborne disease and economic losses in the world and remains a public health problem. ISO 15216–2:2019 is currently the universal standard for the extraction and concentration of HAV detection in food. Nevertheless, the salted food substrate and low viral content often result in low recovery rates or detection sensitivities using the standard ISO method (ISM) and the modified method with PEG(MPM). Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective extraction and concentration methods to detect HAV. We developed two sensitive methods, the modified method with desalination (MDM) and the modified method with desalination and PEG (MDPM), for extraction and concentration of HAV detection in salted shellfish. The recovery rates were higher by using MDPM than by using MDM (2.38 %vs. 0.38 %, and 0.141 % vs. 0.00 %) in 10-fold diluted and undiluted sample RNA, respectively. The sensitivity of the detection by MDPM (101.5 CCID50/mL) was lower than that the detection by MDM (102.5 CCID50/mL). The percentage of positive samples of HAV using MDPM (5.9%) was significantly higher than that using MDM (1.9 %). MDPM is a fast, accurate and applicable extraction and concentration detection method for HAV detection in salted shellfish clams for routine detection to ensure food safety.