The ALMA Legacy survey of Class 0/I disks in Corona australis, Aquila, chaMaeleon, oPhiuchus north, Ophiuchus, Serpens (CAMPOS). I. Evolution of Protostellar disk radii
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
We surveyed nearly all the embedded protostars in seven nearby clouds (Corona
Australis, Aquila, Chamaeleon I II, Ophiuchus North, Ophiuchus, Serpens) with
the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at 1.3mm observations with a
resolution of 0.1". This survey detected 184 protostellar disks, 90 of which
were observed at a resolution of 14-18 au, making it one of the most
comprehensive high-resolution disk samples across various protostellar
evolutionary stages to date. Our key findings include the detection of new
annular substructures in two Class I and two Flat-spectrum sources, while 21
embedded protostars exhibit distinct asymmetries or substructures in their
disks. We find that protostellar disks have a substantially large variability
in their radii across all classes. In particular, the fraction of large disks
with sizes above 40 au decreases with the protostellar evolutionary stage.
Compiling the literature data, we discovered an increasing trend of the gas
disk radii to dust disk radii ratio (R_ gas,Kep/R_ mm) with
increasing bolometric temperature (T_ bol). Our results indicate
that the dust and gas disk radii decouple during the early Class I stage. We
find that Class 0 dust disk size resembled the gas disk size, enabling a direct
comparison between models and observational data at the earliest stages of
protostellar evolution. We show that the distribution of radii in the 52 Class
0 disks in our sample is in high tension with various disk formation models,
indicating that protostellar disk formation remains an unsolved question.
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