Cosmogenic Isotopes in Lunar Soil: Solar Activity and the Exploding of Nearby Supernova

G. I. Vasilyev, A. N. Konstantinov,V. M. Ostryakov,A. K. Pavlov,D. A. Frolov

Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics（2024）

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Abstract

Lunar soil is a natural detector of cosmic rays (CRs) of different origins (solar and Galactic). Analysis of the depth profiles of cosmogenic isotopes (14C, 41Ca, 36Cl, 10Be, 26Al, and 53Mn) allows the intensity of a CR to be reconstructed on time scales of 3–4 half-lives of the corresponding isotope. The average flux of CRs and an additional source of accelerated particles with a hard spectrum are required to fit data on 10Be. The explosion of a nearby supernova 2–3 Ma ago can serve as such a source.

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