Revolutionizing Intrusive Neural Interfaces: Vascular Stent-Based Neural Electrodes.

This review delves into the emerging field of endovascular stent electrodes in the realm of brain-computer interfaces, highlighting advancements in their fabrication methods, signal acquisition performance, electrical stimulation effects, and research progress in electrochemical characteristics, mechanical stability, and biocompatibility. In comparison to traditional invasive procedures, endovascular stent electrodes, implanted through minimally invasive means, mitigate the risks associated with extensive trauma and tissue inflammation, demonstrating commendable signal acquisition capabilities. While exhibiting a slight deficiency in visual evoked potentials, they showcase accuracy in the acquisition and decoding of motor perception signals, rivaling or surpassing traditional surgical methods. Additionally, the technology shows potential therapeutic efficacy in electrical stimulation applications. Nevertheless, challenges such as electrical stimulation thresholds and visibility issues warrant further research and refinement. In summary, endovascular stent electrodes, as an emerging avenue in brain-computer interfaces, hold promise for significant breakthroughs in future research, opening up new possibilities in the field of neuroscience.