Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Rose Growth Promotion and Rhizosphere Microbial Community Changes under Saline-Alkaline Stress

This study investigated the impact of Bacillus subtilis on plant growth and the rhizosphere microbial community in rose cultivation under saline-alkaline stress. Saline-alkaline stress was simulated with varying salt and alkali levels. Bacillus subtilis was introduced, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was conducted to analyze the root microbial community. Introduction of Bacillus subtilis significantly promoted rose growth and mitigated saline-alkaline stress effects. Gene sequencing revealed increased abundance of microbial genera, such as Tessaracoccus, Intrasporangium, Glutamicibacter, Agrobacterium, Saccharibacteria, Falsochrobactrum, Mesorhizobium, Bacillus, Ensifer, and Ornithinicoccus, under normal and saline-alkaline conditions, while functional changes in colony abundance were observed under different environments through PICRUST2 analysis. Bacillus subtilis demonstrated potential in enhancing rose growth and stress resistance under saline-alkaline conditions, affecting the regulation of the root microbial community. This study provides insights for improving soil conditions and enhancing plant adaptability in saline-alkaline regions.