New records of Aspidoras fuscoguttatus Nijssen & Isbrucker, 1976 (Callichthyidae, Corydoradinae) from the Sao Francisco river basin, Brazil

Aspidoras fuscoguttatus Nijssen & Isbrucker, 1976 is a small, relatively common armored catfish considered endemic to the upper Parana river basin. Here, based on recent collections, as well as morphological and molecular evidence, the known geographic distribution of this species is extended to the basin of the Sao Francisco River. Specimens were collected during biological surveys in two unnamed tributaries of the Paraopeba River, in the headwaters of the Sao Francisco River. The new records may be a consequence of headwater stream-captures between Sao Francisco and upper Parana drainages. Continued surveys are needed to assess and mitigate natural and human impacts, including biological exchanges between basins.