Endovascular Embolization Techniques for Cerebrospinal Fluid-Ve nous Fistula in the Treatment of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension

CVFs are a major cause of CSF leak and of SIH. Although the underlying pathogenesis is not fully understood, the advent of advanced imaging techniques such as decubitus CT myelography and LDDSM has made successful diagnosis and treatment possible. Endovascular treatment has emerged as a promising approach to the management of CVFs and has been shown to effectively resolve the clinical symptoms and imaging abnormalities with low complication rates. Alternative treatment options, such as EBP and surgical ligation, may also be considered in select cases. Careful patient selection and multidisciplinary collaboration among neurologists, neuroradiologists, and neurosurgeons can provide successful management of SIH associated with CVF, achieving impressive clinical outcomes and increasing quality of life for patients. Endovascular treatment is a growing tool for managing this challenging condition, and further prospective and multicenter investigations are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy.