No identity connections without representation? Exploring associations between neighbourhood opportunities, ethnic-ideal alignment and well-being in Black, Indigenous and other youths of colour in Canada

In Canada, Black, Indigenous and other youths of colour often have high aspirations, but many are not sure that they are attainable. Context can signal what is in or out of reach to youths, particularly environments that send repeated and proximal signals, like neighbourhoods. Notably, the Social Identity Approach suggests that in neighbourhoods with people like them doing well socioeconomically or being well represented in leadership, youths may see a place for people similar to them, which in turn could benefit how they view their identities and experience well-being. In this exploratory research, Black, Indigenous and other youths of colour in Montreal (n = 179) were surveyed about their neighbourhood, social and future identities and well-being. Regressions suggest that youths' neighbourhoods predict the extent to which they perceive that opportunities are accessible to people like them. Youths who reported more opportunities for people similar to them in their neighbourhood tended to report higher alignment between their racial/ethnic and ideal future identities and higher flourishing. The findings highlight the connection between neighbourhood factors-such as cues about whether similar people are welcomed, valued, and have access to opportunities-and the identities and well-being of Black, Indigenous and other youths of colour.