Parallel compensation of anisoplanatic aberrations in patterned photostimulation for two-photon optogenetics

Two-photon optogenetics becomes an indispensable technique in deciphering neural circuits recently, in which patterned photostimulation is generally adopted due to its low time delay and jitter, as well as its finely sculpting ability in space. However, optical aberrations in light propagation often deteriorates patterned photostimulation, leading to decreased intensity of patterns and thus reduced excitation efficiency. Considering anisoplanatic aberrations at different positions, only correcting aberrations at one position may aggravate aberrations at other positions. Here we propose a parallel aberration compensation based Gerchberg-Saxton (PAC-GS) algorithm for generating multiple holographic extended patterns with anisoplanatic aberrations compensated simultaneously. As an example, we demonstrate that PAC-GS is able to parallelly compensate anisoplanatic aberrations of multiple holographic patterns under gradient index (GRIN) lens, thus effectively improving the intensity of each pattern, promising for two-photon optogenetics in deep biological tissues with GRIN lens.