Stability Challenges for a Highly Efficient Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cell: A Review

As the balance of system cost of photovoltaic (PV) installations governs the competitiveness of PV device market, next-generation solar cells desire substantially enhanced power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). The single-junction perovskite and Si solar cells have demonstrated PCEs beyond 26% and 25%, respectively. The tandem configuration has crossed the threshold posed by the shockley queisser limit by demonstrating the 33.9% PCE. However, the unresolved issues in the perovskite community from a stability perspective pose challenges for realizing highly efficient and stable perovskite-Si tandem solar cells (TSCs). This review highlights the current status of perovskite-Si TSC from a stability perspective besides elucidating the degradation mechanisms at the perovskite-Si at the cell and module level. A highly efficient perovskite-Si TSC needs optimization keeping view the specific requirements for tandem configuration like strain, current matching, and bandgap optimization between the top perovskite and bottom Si subcell. Various stressors affecting the efficiency of the perovskite-Si module, namely, reverse bias and hot spot formation, and delamination, highlight valuable insight to develop future strategies for the perovskite-Si TSC. Stability regimes for the single-junction perovskite solar cell can provide the essential stepping stone but, modified stability regimes are inevitable. This review highlights the stability challenges for the highly efficient perovskite-Si tandem solar cell. This article presents insight into tandem configuration challenges, namely, the significant thermal mismatch between the top perovskite and bottom Si solar cell, phase segregation in perovskites, strain in perovskites, and textured Si bottom cell besides other field-test scenarios along with their solutions.image (c) 2024 WILEY-VCH GmbH