Jaboticaba Peel Extract Exerts Chemopreventive Effects in Transgenic Mouse Model of Prostate Cancer

Introduction Angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and epigenetic alterations involved in prostate cancer (PCa) are associated with different risk factors, such as a high-fat diet (HFD), overweight, and obesity. Jaboticaba peel extract (PJE) has shown antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant activities in the prostate of senile mice.Method This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PJE on the dorsolateral prostate microenvironment in male transgenic mice for the prostate adenocarcinoma model, considering different pathological alterations, changed or unchanged by HFD, focusing on histopathology, and molecules related to extracellular matrix (ECM), oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and Dact-1. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed on Dact-1-associated tumor suppressor genes in transgenic mice. Mice were fed HFD and received patented jaboticaba peel extract (PJE) treatment. The plasma levels of systemic oxidative stress were evaluated.Results Our results showed that PJE protected the dorsolateral prostate against proliferation and increased MMP9, TGF beta, and VEGF levels. PJE reduced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation by modulating catalase, SOD 2, and 4HNE. PJE exhibited an epigenetic action, evidenced by increased Dact-1 gene expression in PCa.Conclusion PJE could be a natural protector of PCa and prostate lesions associated with HFD intake.