Multi environmental evaluation for selection of stable and high yielding sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) clones based on AMMI and GGE biplot models

The present study was aimed to evaluate the G x E (genotype x environment) interaction using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis to identify sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) genotypes that combine high yield and stability in multi-location trials. Twelve advanced clones generated in the sugarcane breeding programs along with three standards (Co 86032, CoC 671 and Co 09004) were evaluated for cane and sugar yield using randomized complete block design with three replicates over two plant crops and one ratoon during 2019 to 2021 across two years and locations. Data was collected on yield traits and sugar quality characters. Stability parameters were determined. The data was also investigated using GGE biplot and the AMMI models. The results of combined analyses of variance exhibited significant differences among genotypes at the three test environments and when locations were combined. The GE interaction was also significant for all the traits, indicating inconsistency of performance of the genotypes over the locations and seasons. Pooled data analysis of 15 genotypes indicated the superiority of Co 15017 and CoN 15071 for CCS yield across six environments. Two clones, Co 15017 and CoSnk 15102 recorded higher mean cane yield as compared with three standards across the six experimental conditions. Multivariate (AMMI and GGE biplot) statistical analysis indicated that CoSnk 15102 exhibited higher and more stable commercial cane sugar yield and cane yield per hectare, indicating this genotype's suitability across the test locations. The results of such multi-environmental trials with the elucidation of GE interaction using AMMI and GGE are of great significance in guiding the selection and recommendation of stable and superior varieties in sugarcane production zones.