Cationic Effect in the Formation of Toxic and Antiviral Properties of Keggin Heteropoly Compounds

The cytotoxicity indices (IC50) of Keggin’s phosphorus-molybdenum heteropoly acids (HPCAs) and their sodium and potassium salts on dog kidney cells (MDSC) are determined. The antiviral activity of these compounds against topical strains of influenza A (H3N2 and H1N1) is revealed. The dependence of the biological properties of polyoxometalates on the elemental composition of their molecules is confirmed. It is shown that when some of the molybdenum atoms are replaced by vanadium atoms, HPCAs and their salts acquire higher cytotoxicities, which increase monotonically as the number of substitutions increases. For the first time, the dependence of the biological activity of HPCAs and their salts on the mass of cations is established and interpreted. The values of semilethal doses (DL50) of these compounds are established in vivo (on outbred white mice). The values of the toxicity index (TI) for aqueous solutions of HPCA sodium and potassium salts are determined in a wide range of concentrations (from 0.05 to 15 μM) on a model of motile cells. It is established that HPCAs and their salts are moderately dangerous toxic substances and have selective antiviral activity, which at low concentrations (less than 15 μM) for influenza A strains is manifested mainly by a decrease in hemagglutination activity.