Predictive Value of Inflammatory Prognostic Index for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography and /or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between IPI levels and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) risk and postoperative clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) and/ or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 3,340 consecutive patients who underwent CAG and/or PCI between May 2017 and December 2022 were enrolled in this study. Based on their baseline IPI levels, patients were categorized into four groups. Clinical characteristics and postoperative outcomes were compared among these groups. In-hospital outcomes focused on CIN risk, repeated revascularization, major bleeding, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), while the long-term outcome examined the all-cause readmission rate. Results Quartile analysis found a significant link between IPI levels and CIN risk, notably in the highest quartile (p < 0.001). Even after adjusting for baseline factors, this association remained significant, with an adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) of 2.33 (95%CI 1.50–3.64; p = 0.001). Notably, baseline IPI level emerged as an independent predictor of severe arrhythmia, with aOR of 0.50 (95%CI 0.35–0.69; p < 0.001), particularly driven by the highest quartile. Furthermore, a significant correlation between IPI and acute myocardial infarction was observed (p < 0.001), which remained significant post-adjustment. Conclusions For patients undergoing CAG and/or PCI, baseline IPI levels can independently predict clinical prognosis. As a comprehensive inflammation indicator, IPI effectively identifies high-risk patients post-procedure. This study underscores IPI's potential to assist medical professionals in making more precise clinical decisions, ultimately reducing mortality and readmission rates linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD).