The effect of inflammatory factors on the buccal cavity in asthmatics and asthmatics obese in east of Algeria

Asthma and obesity are inflammatory diseases that have a considerable impact on the development of oral diseases. The purpose of this study was to establish the link between asthma induced inflammation, obesity and their impact on the development of periodontal disease. This is a cross-sectional study concerning 130 Algerians aged between 18 and 86 years old. 70 of the subjects were atopic asthmatics and 60 were control cases. The functional assessment of asthma was performed by spirometry. The CRP, ESR and eosinophil count confirmed the inflammation state. Our study revealed that women are more likely to develop asthma than men (p-value = 0.01). Snacking plays a key role in weight gain, where it is confirmed and statistically proven by a highly significant difference (p-value = 0.004). Treatment and more especially inhaled corticosteroids have a direct effect on obesity (p-value = 0.047) and on the aggravation of the quality of oral cavity. This study confirms also the high correlation between the control of asthma, the ESR ​​ and the CRP in obese asthmatic (p-value = 0.013, r = 0.225 and p-value = 0,255, r = 0.740 respectively), as well we observed a very high correlation between eosinophil level in the control of asthma in obese (p-value = 0,001, r =0.142) compared to leans ones. This study has highlighted and strengthened the link between asthma and obesity and their effect on oral health.