Strategies for Biodiesel Production with the Role of Reactors Technologies: A Comprehensive Review

There is no sustainability to fossil fuels. Consequently, energy from renewable sources must meet both present-day and future demand. Fossil fuel consumption has consistently influenced and harmed the environment, prompting the development of renewable and clean fuels such as biodiesel. Biodiesel production primarily involves the transesterification process, which consists of key components, namely the feedstock, catalyst, reaction, and product separation or purification stages. It is imperative to acknowledge the emergence of innovative technologies with significant potential for biodiesel synthesis to attain a commercially viable and efficient biodiesel production process. Recently, researchers have investigated biodiesel reactors' effectiveness in energy and time efficiency in producing biodiesel. This review takes a comprehensive look at the insides of each reactor in order to learn more about their mechanisms and pick the best reactor technology for the transesterification procedure. Various transesterification reactors, such as plug-flow, microwave, and simultaneous reaction-separation, are then examined from scientific and practical perspectives. This research aims to elucidate the merits, limits, advantages and disadvantages of various reactor technologies employed in biodiesel synthesis. Furthermore, Benefits, challenges, and future prospects of biodiesel.