Global variation in prior exposure shapes antibody neutralization profiles of SARS-CoV-2 variants up to BA.2.86

The highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant, BA.2.86, and its descendants are now the most frequently sequenced variants of SARS-CoV-2. We analyze antibody neutralization data from eight laboratories from the UK, USA, Denmark, and China, including two datasets assessing the effect of XBB.1.5 vaccines, to determine the effect of infection and vaccination history on neutralization of variants up to and including BA.2.86, and produce antibody landscapes to describe these neutralization profiles. We find evidence for lower levels of immune imprinting on pre-Omicron variants in sera collected from Denmark and China, which may be explained by lower levels of circulation of the ancestral variant in these countries, and the use of an inactivated virus vaccine in China. ### Competing Interest Statement K.W. and D.L. are employees of Moderna, Inc, and may hold stock/stock options in the company. D.D.H. co-founded TaiMed Biologics and RenBio, serves as a consultant for WuXi Biologics and Brii Biosciences, and holds a director position on the board of Vicarious Surgical. Other authors declare no conflicts of interest. E.C.J. has received funding from Novavax, Astra Zeneca, University of Oxford, University of Southampton, is an external consultant for WHO (HCV, EBOV), chair of BHIVA hepatitis subcommittee, and a member of UK HSA technical groups. Other authors declare no competing interests.