Applications of artificial intelligence in Orthopaedic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionise the pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative stages of orthopaedic surgery. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the role and effectiveness of AI in Orthopedic surgery. We compare the outcomes of AI-assisted and conventional surgery by focusing on the implementation of AI tools in the prediction, diagnosis and robot-assisted surgery. The results of the review and meta-analysis showed high accuracy in prediction outcomes, diagnosis and classification based on medical image analysis. However, the meta-analysis revealed longer operative times with robot-assisted surgery. Additionally, while robotics achieved enhanced implant positioning accuracy, definitive advantages in functional outcomes over conventional surgery were not observed. Future work should focus on extensive follow-up to validate the long-term advantages of AI-assisted procedures in orthopaedic surgery.