Automated graded prognostic assessment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma using machine learning

Accurate mortality risk quantification is crucial for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, most scoring systems are subjective. To develop and independently validate a machine learning mortality risk quantification method for HCC patients using standard-of-care clinical data and liver radiomics on baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This retrospective study included all patients with multiphasic contrast-enhanced MRI at the time of diagnosis treated at our institution. Patients were censored at their last date of follow-up, end-of-observation, or liver transplantation date. The data were randomly sampled into independent cohorts, with 85