Advancing solar distillation efficiency through calcium hydroxide coating and enhanced configuration of mirror-assisted system

While solar distillation presents an eco-friendly and sustainable means of obtaining potable water, its capacity to generate water is relatively modest. The principal objective of this research endeavor resides in the enhancement of the condensation mechanism within solar distillation apparatuses, concurrently ameliorating thermal losses from the distiller's rear wall (MSS). This enhancement is achieved through the strategic application of a calcium hydroxide coating onto the rear surface of back wall of conventional solar still (CSS). This study investigated the performance of the solar still painted by five distinct binder material ratios (10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, and 50 % by weight) relative to the calcium hydroxide component. Additionally, the application of the calcium hydroxide paint on the rear wall was tested with and without a protective glass panel. Finally, incorporation of mirrors in conjunction with a protective glass panel preceding the paint application was investigated. The experimental observations have led to a significant insight: a binder ratio of 20 % yields optimal adhesive qualities while concurrently upholding cohesion strength. The MSS with glass plate and mirrors exhibited the most impressive performance, with a yield rise of 130 % and an efficiency of 53.5 %. The costs of freshwater of CSS and MSS were 0.02 and 0.015 $/L.