Broad-spectrum hybrid-driven triple-interface Z-Scheme 1T/2H phase sailboat-like molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/protonated N-defect nanoporous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets piezo-photocatalyst: Superior degradation and hydrogen evolution

Incorporating piezo-response into photocatalysis holds great promise for eco-friendly strategies in environmental remediation and sustainable energy conversion. Herein, flexible N -defect nanoporous g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets (NPCNs) was prepared via one-step method, then whose surface was protonated. And existed dense 1T/2H phase and vertical interfaces in non-layer-dependent-piezo-response sailboat-like-MoS 2 (Sv-MS) formed by in -situ stresses during nucleation and growth by experiments and MD -simulations. Noble -metal -free Z -scheme PC/VM heterojunction with broad-spectrum absorption, enhanced piezo-response and intimate triple -interface was established by electrostatic self -assembly, performing efficient hybrid -driven piezo-photocatalysis. With a systematic modification of morphology, grain size, phase composition, and surface condition of the components, the optimal PC(3.6H)/VM(u2) exhibited high piezo-photocatalytic rates for degradation of organic dyes and antibiotic (RhB (0.565 min -1 ), MO (0.052 min -1 ), MB (1.557 min -1 ), TC (0.062 min -1 )) and hydrogen evolution (3528 mu molg -1 h -1 ) under visible -light and ultrasonic -wave, with maintenance under NIR-light ( lambda max = 1000 nm) attributed to up -conversion effect (RhB: 0.212 min -1 , H 2 : 2355 mu molg -1 h -1 ). Furthermore, the piezophotocatalytic mechanism was proposed by experiments and DFT-calculations for effective triple -interface ZScheme charge migration. This work provides a rational protocol for constructing diverse -energy -triggered, multiple -interfaces and broad -solar -spectrum (UV-Vis-NIR) piezo-photocatalysts in degradation and hydrogen evolution.