Efficient Weighting Schemes for Auditing Instant-Runoff Voting Elections
CoRR(2024)
摘要
Various risk-limiting audit (RLA) methods have been developed for
instant-runoff voting (IRV) elections. A recent method, AWAIRE, is the first
efficient approach that does not require cast vote records (CVRs). AWAIRE
involves adaptively weighted averages of test statistics, essentially
"learning" an effective set of hypotheses to test. However, the initial paper
on AWAIRE only examined a few weighting schemes and parameter settings.
We provide an extensive exploration of schemes and settings, to identify and
recommend efficient choices for practical use. We focus only on the (hardest)
case where CVRs are not available, using simulations based on real election
data to assess performance.
Across our comparisons, the most effective schemes are often those that place
most or all of the weight on the apparent "best" hypotheses based on already
seen data. Conversely, the optimal tuning parameters tended to vary based on
the election margin. Nonetheless, we quantify the performance trade-offs for
different choices across varying election margins, aiding in selecting the most
desirable trade-off if a default option is needed.
A limitation of the current AWAIRE implementation is its restriction to
handling a small number of candidates (previously demonstrated up to six
candidates). One path to a more computationally efficient implementation would
be to use lazy evaluation and avoid considering all possible hypotheses. Our
findings suggest that such an approach could be done without substantially
comprising statistical performance.
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