The lichenized and lichenicolous fungi of Afghanistan

The study is based on a comprehensive evaluation of 87 publications concerning reports from Afghanistan and a critical revision of herbarium specimens. Two hundred and thirty eight taxa (230 species with 8 varieties) of lichenized fungi, and 16 species of lichenicolous fungi are listed with their citations or localities in the case of new records for the country or for provinces. New for Afghanistan are Acarospora bicolor , A. interrupta , Caloplaca monacensis , C. stillicidiorum var. muscorum , Collema furfuraceum , Endocarpon pusillum , Gloeoheppia turgida , Gyalolechia bracteata , Heteroplacidium fusculum , Lecanora horiza , Lecidea laboriosa , Melanohalea elegantula , Myriolecis semipallida , Peltula bolanderi , P. obscurans var. obscurans , P. obscurans var. deserticola , P. polyspora , P. radicata , Physconia americana , P. perisidiosa , Phaeophyscia hirsuta , Placidium pilosellum , P. rufescens , Sarcogyne praetermissa , S. pusilla , S. urceolata , Scytinium fragrans , Staurothele areolata , Umbilicaria virginis , Xalocoa ocellata , Xanthoparmelia neodelisei , and the lichenicolous fungus Acarospora subfuscescens .