Beehive: A Flexible Network Stack for Direct-Attached Accelerators
CoRR(2024)
Abstract
Accelerators have become increasingly popular in datacenters due to their
cost, performance, and energy benefits. Direct-attached accelerators, where the
network stack is implemented in hardware and network traffic bypasses the main
CPU, can further enhance these benefits. However, modern datacenter software
network stacks are complex, with interleaved protocol layers, network
management functions, as well as virtualization support. They also need to
flexibly interpose new layers to support new use cases. By contrast, most
hardware network stacks only support basic protocol compatibility and are often
difficult to extend due to using fixed processing pipelines.
This paper proposes Beehive, a new, open-source hardware network stack for
direct-attached FPGA accelerators designed to enable flexible and adaptive
construction of complex protocol functionality. Our approach is based on a
network-on-chip (NoC) substrate, automated tooling for the independent scale-up
of protocol elements, compiletime deadlock analysis, and a flexible diagnostics
and control plane. Our implementation interoperates with standard Linux TCP and
UDP clients, allowing existing RPC clients to interface with the accelerator.
We use three applications to illustrate the advantages of our approach: a
throughputoriented erasure coding application, an accelerator for distributed
consensus operations that reduces the latency and energy cost of
linearizability, and TCP live migration support for dynamic server
consolidation.
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