Ti₃C₂T_xMXene modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode for electrochemical sensing of bilirubin based on a molecularly imprinted pyrrole polymer

Abstract In this study, electrochemical sensing of bilirubin (BR) is performed on the Ti3C2TxMXene-modified ITO electrode based on a molecularly imprinted pyrrole polymer. Firstly, Ti3C2TxMXene is synthesised by chemical etching and deposited at the ITO electrode surface by drop casting. After that, pyrrole as a monomer is electropolymerized in the presence of a sodium acetate buffer solution containing the BR template to prepare a BR-imprinted electrode. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy confirms the MXene synthesis. The molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) formation at the electrode is confirmed by electrochemical methods such as differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The linearity range, limit of detection and limit of quantification are calculated as 10µM to 90µM, 0.197µM and 0.598µM respectively. Selectivity, stability and reproducibility are also reported for the prepared MIP sensor.