Accurate Source-Receiver Positioning Method for a High-Resolution Deep-Towed Multichannel Seismic Exploration System

The near-seabed multichannel seismic exploration systems have yielded remarkable successes in marine geological disaster assessment, marine gas hydrate investigation, and deep-sea mineral exploration owing to their high vertical and horizontal resolution. However, the quality of deep-towed seismic imaging hinges on accurate source-receiver positioning information. In light of existing technical problems, we propose a novel array geometry inversion method tailored for high-resolution deep-towed multichannel seismic exploration systems. This method is independent of the attitude and depth sensors along a deep-towed seismic streamer, accounting for variations in seawater velocity and seabed slope angle. Our approach decomposes the towed line array into multiline segments and characterizes its geometric shape using the line segment distance and pitch angle. Introducing optimization parameters for seawater velocity and seabed slope angle, we establish an objective function based on the model, yielding results that align with objective reality. Employing the particle swarm optimization algorithm enables synchronous acquisition of optimized inversion results for array geometry and seawater velocity. Experimental validation using theoretical models and practical data verifies that our approach effectively enhances source and receiver positioning inversion accuracy. The algorithm exhibits robust stability and reliability, addressing uncertainties in seismic traveltime picking and complex seabed topography conditions.