Effects of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacterial metabolites on the ovipositional activity of Aedes albopictus

Viral diseases like yellow fever, dengue, and Zika have an alarming impact on public health. These diseases can be transmitted by Aedes mosquito species, such as Ae. albopictus, which is now found in many countries outside its original range. Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. are enteric bacterial symbionts of insect-preying nematodes and are known to produce an array of natural products with various activities including larvicidal activity. In this study, the effects of natural products produced by four Xenorhabdus and one Photorhabdus bacteria on the ovipositional behavior of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were assessed. Utilizing a binary choice assay in insect cages, gravid female mosquitoes were presented with two oviposition cups containing water supplemented with varying concentrations of bacterial supernatants (50–1