Does resistant starch have an effect on intestinal modulation? An integrative review

Starch is a polysaccharide that is abundant in nature, composed of amylose and amylopectin. Resistant starch (RS) is a form that reaches the large intestine without complete digestion. By fermenting in the colon, RS provides carbon and energy to anaerobic bacteria, altering the microbiota and its metabolic activities. The gut microbiota influences physiological functions and human health. Resistant starch, similar to dietary fiber, increases short-chain fatty acids, triggering beneficial effects and modulating gut flora. However, in this integrative review, an overview of recent studies investigating the effect of resistant starch on intestinal modulation will be provided, with the following guiding question: Does resistant starch have a beneficial effect on the modulation of intestinal microbiota? The studies available in Portuguese and English, in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases, were searched using an advanced search. The articles have shown that formulations containing resistant starch have a positive impact on intestinal modulation and the prevention or therapy of certain metabolic diseases. However, more insights are needed regarding resistant starch, in order to know which type of resistant starch and from which plant matrix has the best effect on health.