A Novel Distributed Collaborative AGC Strategy for New Power Systems with Heterogeneous Frequency Regulation Units

The structure of traditional thermal power-dominated power system has changed with the growth integration of large-scale renewable energy. The rotational inertia and regulation capability of the power system are gradually becoming insufficient to adapt to complex and variable load conditions. Therefore, developing efficient and fast frequency regulation resources for automatic generation control (AGC) is crucial. However, the heterogeneity among different frequency regulation units, including differences in unit models, capacities, and response speeds, presents high challenges for AGC. To enhance the AGC performance provided by heterogeneous frequency regulation resources, this paper proposes a distributed collaborative AGC method. Firstly, a distributed finite-time area control error (ACE) discovery algorithm is introduced. Subsequently, each AGC unit participates in frequency regulation by designing independent PI controllers based on the obtained ACE information. In the final stage of ACE regulation, a distributed finite-time power-sharing controller is designed to optimize the capacity of the high-speed AGC units by making the low-speed AGC units to assume a greater share of power regulation.