Numerical investigation of 3-D rotating hybrid nanofluid Forchheimer flow with radiation absorption over a stretching sheet

Examining the movement of MHD hybrid nanofluid flows along linearly extending regions provides valuable insights for improving heat transfer efficiency. Many researchers have investigated various factors, such as the Forchheimer number, porosity, radiation, aligned magnetic field and mixed convection, in the context of incorporating hybrid nanofluids into these flows. The existing literature lacks discussion on the effect of radiation absorption along with porosity, magnetic parameter and an aligned magnetic field on the Forchheimer flow of a 3-D rotating Ag−CuO/H2O hybrid nanofluid through a linearly expanded sheet. The current research endeavours to address this gap and offer valuable insights into these particular factors.BVP-5C shooting scheme through MATLAB is utilized to solve the system that governs nonlinear PDEs by converting them to nonlinear ODEs. The influences of dimensionless parameters, including radiation absorption (1 ≤ Q ≤ 2), Forchheimer number (0 ≤ Fr ≤ 9), porosity parameter (0 ≤ K ≤ 4), magnetic parameter (0 ≤ M ≤ 4), aligned magnetic field (0 ≤ α ≤ π/2), on the velocity along x and y-axes, temperature profile and concentration distributions are discussed. Also, skin friction, heat and mass transfer rate impacts are demonstrated traverse tables. Velocity along both x and y-axes is decreasing as Forchheimer number increases. As the values of radiation absorption and porosity parameter rise, there is a corresponding decrease in the temperature field. Greater Forchheimer number and aligned magnetic field leads to increase in the concentration profile of Ag−CuO/H2O hybrid nanofluid. The Nusselt number demonstrates an upward trend when Forchheimer number, porosity parameter, radiation absorption, magnetic parameter and aligned magnetic field experience an increase, whereas the Sherwood number exhibits a contrary behaviour with these identical parameters. The current study demonstrates a compatibility rate of 99.9% with the preceding research across diverse values of the stretching ratio parameter.