Evaluation of serum levels of soluble vascular endothelial (sVE)-Cadherin in early- and late-onset preeclampsia serum sVE-Cadherin levels in preeclampsia

Objective: Endothelial dysfunction is a major feature of preeclampsia. sVE-cadherin plays a role in the preservation and regulation of the endothelial barrier. For that reason, to evaluation of sVE-cadherin may help elucidate the disease pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Methods: The sample size was calculated as a minimum of 46 pregnant women for each group based on serum sVE-Cadherin levels in a pilot study of 10 preeclamptic and 10 control groups. Hundred-twenty pregnancies complicated with early-onset (n = 60) and late-onset (n = 60) preeclampsia were compared with 120 gestational-age (GA)-matched (+/- 1 week) uncomplicated pregnancies. The venous blood sampling was performed upon preeclampsia diagnosis prior to the onset of the labor in the preeclampsia group and the matching (+/- 1 week) pregnancy week in the control group. Demographic and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results: Mean serum sVE-Cadherin was significantly higher in women with EOPE compared to that of the GA-matched control group (5.86 +/- 1.57 ng/mL vs. 2.28 +/- 0.80 ng/mL, p < 0.001), in women with LOPE compared to that of the GA-matched control group (3.11 +/- 0.97 ng/mL vs. 1.69 +/- 0.87 ng/mL, p < 0.001), and in women with EOPE compared to that of LOPE group (5.86 +/- 1.57 ng/mL vs. 3.11 +/- 0.97 ng/mL, p < 0.001) after correction for GA. Serum sVE-Cadherin positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and a negative correlation with gestational age at sampling. Conclusion: The serum level of sVE-Cadherin was higher in women with preeclampsia than that of GA-matched healthy pregnant women, in women with EOPE compared to that of LOPE. sVE-Cadherin is an important marker in early-onset pre-eclampsia with severe clinical findings.