Frequency Regulation Based on Antlion Optimization Technique for Microgrids with Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) are used in the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) smart grid technology to improve the efficiency of the power system. By utilizing the EVs’ battery storage capabilities, V2G makes it possible for them to draw power when needed and return it to the grid as well. This two-way electrical flow aids in grid stabilization lessens energy supply variations and boosts overall system dependability. Power stability and dependability are ensured by V2G technology, which is crucial for expanding nations and raising social standards. EVs can serve as mobile battery storage devices and help to balance out the imbalance in supply and demand, which is impacted by unexpected energy sources like solar and wind power, by leveraging smart grid technology, specifically V2G. This paper introduces a control technique that leverages the ALO algorithm to optimize the PI controller gains for managing EV power charging and discharging within microgrids. The primary goal is to regulate microgrid frequency and improve the power network system’s overall management, operation, and control. The proposed methodology is validated through simulations conducted in MATLAB using a hypothetical microgrid system. This proposal ensures better utilization of EVs; V2G can act as mobile battery storage devices and help reduce supply and demand imbalances.