A wavelength-time division multiplexing sensor network with failure detection using fiber Bragg grating

This paper presents a Wavelength-Time Division Multiplexing (WTDM) sensor network with failure detection capabilities based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The network architecture comprises optocoupler (OCP) lines and FBG lines. To validate the failure detection functionality, we simulate six distinct failure scenarios. The results demonstrate that the network can reliably identify multiple failures along the FBG lines when OCP lines are failure-free. In instances of OCP line failures, the network effectively localizes the failure region. Moreover, the network exhibits the ability to detect multiple failures simultaneously while reducing the light source bandwidth requirements and enhancing multiplexing efficiency. Further enhancements in sensor network capacity are achievable through the adoption of Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM) technology.