Revealing mysteries in gamma-ray bursts: the role of gluon condensation
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
We use a special gluon distribution in the nucleon, which was predicted by a
QCD evolution equation to consistently explain several intriguing phenomena
associated with gamma-ray bursts. They are the GeV-TeV spectra of GRB 221009A,
the remarkably symmetrical explosion cloud in kilonova AT2017gfo, and the
absence of a very high-energy gamma-ray signature in GRB 170817A. We find that
these occurrences can be attributed to the gluon condensation within nucleons,
i.e., a significant number of soft gluons within nucleons are condensed at a
critical momentum, resulting in the emergence of a steep and high peak in the
gluon distributions. Through this profound connection between microscopic and
macroscopic phenomena, we have not only expanded the applications of the
hadronic scenario in cosmic gamma-ray emissions but also presented new evidence
for the existence of gluon condensation.
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