Yukawa Couplings at Infinite Distance and Swampland Towers in Chiral Theories
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We study limits of vanishing Yukawa couplings of 4d chiral matter fields in
Quantum Gravity, using as a laboratory type IIA orientifolds with D6-branes. In
these theories chiral fermions arise at brane intersections, where an infinite
tower of charged particles dubbed gonions are localised. We show that in the
limit Y→ 0 some of these towers become asymptotically massless,
while at the same time the kinetic term of some chiral fields becomes singular
and at least two extra dimensions decompactify. For limits parametrised by a
large complex structure saxion u, Yukawa couplings have a behaviour of the
form Y ∼ 1/u^r, with r some positive rational number.
Moreover, in this limit some of the gauge couplings associated to the Yukawa
vanish. The lightest gonion scales are of order m_ gon∼ g^s M_
P with s>1, verifying the magnetic WGC with room to spare and with no need
of its tower/sublattice versions. We also show how this behaviour can be
understood in the context of the emergence of kinetic terms in Quantum Gravity.
All these results may be very relevant for phenomenology, given the fact that
some of the Yukawa couplings in the Standard Model are very small.
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