Advanced Lithium-sulfur batteries enabled by a flexible electrocatalytic membrane of TiO₂ and SiO₂ co-decorated necklace-like carbon nanofibers

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are regarded as new energy storage systems due to their low cost and high specific energy density; however, their commercial prospects are hindered by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Herein, the fabricating necklace-like carbon nanofibers membrane co-decorated by TiO2 and SiO2 (TiO2@SiO2/CNF) is prepared by the electrospinning technique as an interlayer to catalyze the conversion of LiPSs in Li-S batteries. The necklace-like nanofibers provide a three-dimensional conductive network, enabling SiO2 synergy with TiO2 to accelerate the redox kinetics of LiPSs through an enhanced interfacial effect. The Li-S batteries based on TiO2@SiO2/CNF interlayers exhibit an impressive specific capacity of 658 mAh g(-1) at 3.0C, and their performances are decayed only 0.05 % per cycle at 1.0C within 500cycles. Our study reveals that the shuttle effect addition of LiPSs can be significantly improved by rational structural design, thus enhancing the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. The synthesis of necklace-like TiO2@SiO2/CNF presents a promising strategy for designing functional interlayers for advanced Li-S batteries.