Pricing ancillary service of a Francis hydroelectric generating system to promote renewable energy integration in a clean energy base: Tariff compensation of deep peak regulation

The active Deep Peak Regulation (DPR) of a Francis Hydroelectric Generating System (FHGS) is crucial to large-scale consumption of renewable energy in clean energy bases. The traditional vertical integrated dispatching method of FHGS lacks a reasonable compensation mechanism, leading to its negativity behaviours in DPR. To improve its DPR's enthusiasm, a quantitative method for the opportunity cost of DPR is derived by revealing the interaction relationship between the DPR benchmark, opportunity cost and efficiency loss. The tariff compensation strategy for DPR is proposed based on the interaction relationship. We then applied this compensation strategy to hourly dispatching model of a clean energy base. The results show that this strategy effectively balances the contradiction between DPR's enthusiasm and the curtailment rate. For example, when the tariff compensation is 0.20 RMB/kWh and the DPR's benchmark coefficient is higher than 67%, the tariff compensation strategy achieves the increased profits for FHGS, WFs, and PVs. Therefore, when the owners of power sources in the clean energy base are different, the tariff compensation strategy proposed in this study could be used to ensure the profits of power sources and improve the power quality provided by the clean energy base.