242 Beyond the Stereotypes: Nurturing Success and Retaining Black Women Neurosurgeons

INTRODUCTION: The underrepresentation of African American women in clinical neurosurgery, with fewer than 50 practicing neurosurgeons in the United States, highlights the significant barriers they face due to the intersection of race and gender. These challenges underscore the need for targeted efforts to recruit, retain, and support Black women in neurosurgery. METHODS: The study employed a comprehensive identification process to recruit Black women who identified as neurosurgical trainees or clinical neurosurgeons. Virtual interviews were conducted from January 2021 to May 2021, using structured questions to explore various aspects of the participants' experiences navigating neurosurgery as Black women. A thematic analysis was performed on the recorded and transcribed interviews to identify overarching themes. RESULTS: The thematic analysis identified key findings regarding Black women in neurosurgery. Mentorship was crucial, with mentors shaping career paths and fostering confidence. Residency program culture, encompassing faculty diversity, family-oriented values, and gender-specific challenges, significantly influenced experiences. Positive and negative experiences underscored the importance of representation, challenges related to racial biases, and the need for a supportive network. Building an equitable and diverse workplace was deemed vital, requiring actions to improve retention, promote Black women to leadership roles, and reduce hierarchical boundaries. Recommendations included diverse leadership, educational initiatives, and programs supporting aspiring neurosurgeons to enhance Black women's representation. CONCLUSIONS: The achievements of trailblazing Black women in neurosurgery showcase progress, yet significant disparities persist due to the intersection of race and gender. By addressing these challenges, support can be provided to enhance representation. The study highlights the importance of diverse leadership, comprehensive initiatives, and recognizing the impact of intersectionality in promoting Black women to leadership roles in neurosurgery.