The effect of subcutaneous Lixisenatide on weight loss in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic review and Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: The impacts of subcutaneous Lixisenatide on body weight in patients with type 2 DM, remain inadequately understood; consequently, this systematic review and meta -regression analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the influence of subcutaneous Lixisenatide administration on BW and BMI values in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases, spanning from their inception to February 2023. We computed effect sizes employing the random -effects model and reported results in terms of weighted mean differences (WMD) along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: 23 articles with 26 RCT arms were included in the meta -analysis. The combined findings from a randomeffects model demonstrated a significant reduction in body weight (WMD: -0.97 kg, 95 % CI: -1.10, -0.83, p < 0.001) and BMI (WMD: -0.48 kg/m (2) , 95 % CI: -0.67, -0.29, P < 0.001) after subcutaneous administration of Lixisenatide. Furthermore, a more pronounced reduction in body weight was discovered in RCTs lasting less than 24 weeks (WMD: -1.56 kg, 95 % CI: -2.91, -0.20, p < 0.001), employing a daily dosage of subcutaneous Lixisenatide lower than 19 A g per day (WMD: -1.94 kg, 95 % CI: -2.54, -1.34, p < 0.001) and with a mean participant age of 60 years or more (WMD: -1.86 kg, 95 % CI: -3.16, -0.57, p = 0.005). Conclusions: Lixisenatide was found to significantly decrease BW and BMI in patients with type 2 DM and could be considered as a therapeutic option for those suffering from weight gain caused by other anti -diabetic agents. However, while prescribing Lixisenatide, careful consideration of patient -specific factors is recommended.