Unleashing the Potential of Oral Deliverable Nanomedicine in the Treatment of In fl ammatory Bowel Disease

In fl ammatory bowel disease (IBD), marked by chronic gastrointestinal tract in fl ammation, poses a signi fi cant global medical challenge. Current treatments for IBD, including corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biologics, often require frequent systemic administration through parenteral delivery, leading to nonspeci fi c drug distribution, suboptimal therapeutic outcomes, and adverse effects. There is a pressing need for a targeted drug delivery system to enhance drug ef fi cacy and minimize its systemic impact. Nanotechnology emerges as a transformative solution, enabling precise oral drug delivery to in fl amed intestinal tissues, reducing off -target effects, and enhancing therapeutic ef fi ciency. The advantages include heightened bioavailability, sustained drug release, and improved cellular uptake. Additionally, the nano -based approach allows for the integration of theranostic elements, enabling simultaneous diagnosis and treatment. Recent preclinical advances in oral IBD treatments, particularly with nanoformulations such as functionalized polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, demonstrate remarkable cell -targeting ability and biosafety, promising to overcome the limitations of conventional therapies. These developments signify a paradigm shift toward personalized and effective oral IBD management. This review explores the potential of oral nanomedicine to enhance IBD treatment signi fi cantly, focusing speci fi cally on cell -targeting oral drug delivery system for potential use in IBD management. We also examine emerging technologies such as theranostic nanoparticles and arti fi cial intelligence, identifying avenues for the practical translation of nanomedicines into clinical applications. (Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024;18:101333; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.03.005)