Effect of ladle-lining materials on inclusion evolution in Al-killed steel during LF refining
HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES（2024）
Abstract
The effect of lining materials (Al2O3 and Al2O3-MgOAl2O3) of ladle on evolution of non-metallic inclusions in aluminum-killed (Al-killed) steel during ladle furnace refining without Ca treatment was investigated through industrial experiments. The results showed that non-metallic inclusions experienced the changes from Al2O3 -> MgO-Al2O3 -> CaO-Al2O3. During the refining process using either of the two ladle lining materials, for all non-metallic inclusions, the vast majority are distributed in the high Al2O3 area of the CaO-Al2O3-MgO phase diagram, with very little or none in the low melting point zone. Non-metallic inclusions are mainly smaller than 3 mu m, while those larger than 3 mu m consisted primarily of MgOAl2O3 and CaO-Al2O3 inclusions. The use of an Al2O3-MgOAl2O3-lining ladle is more effective in reducing the number density of inclusions in the steel. However, during the refining process, the Al2O3-lining ladle does not have a significant impact on the presence of MgO-Al2O3 and CaO-Al2O3 inclusions in the molten steel. The Al2O3-MgOAl2O3-lining ladle does not have a significant effect on MgO-Al2O3 inclusions, but it does promote the formation of CaO-Al2O3 and CaS inclusions in the molten steel.
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Key words
Al2O3 lining,Al2O3,MgO center dot Al2O3 lining,LF refining,Al-killed steel,inclusions
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