Theoretical limits of magnetic detection of structural surface defects at the nanometer scale
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We present a theoretical study on the magnetic signals of structural surface
defects like cracks or indents combined with rough surfaces or subsurface
inclusions of soft ferromagnetic metals like body-centered cubic Fe or
amorphous CoFeB. We discuss limits of early detection of small surface defects
on the basis of calculated magnetic stray fields few tens of nm above the
surface. The considered surface imperfections have extensions of a few nm which
correspond to low multiples of the magnetic exchange lengths of Fe or CoFeB.
The detection of such small inhomogeneities requires that the sensor is about
as close to the surface as the size of the inhomogeneity is. Furthermore, the
step width of a scanning sensor must be of the same size as well. Both these
requirements may be fulfilled for instance by scanning microscopy with diamond
nitrogen-vacancy-center quantum sensors.
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