Two-Dimensional Crystalline Electrocatalysts for Efficient Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (eCO2RR) can achieve carbon recycling through renewable electrical energy. Before releasing the full potential of eCO2RR, the electrocatalysts still need improvement in terms of catalytic activity, selectivity, and durability. Two-dimensional (2D) crystalline materials show a high aspect ratio with well-defined crystal structures, which are promising electrocatalysts for eCO2RR. In this review, we briefly discuss the typical 2D electrocatalysts for eCO2RR. Subsequently, we provide a summary of the different strategies to improve the catalytic performance of 2D crystalline electrocatalysts for creating and modulating active sites. Finally, we end this review with the current challenges and future opportunities of 2D crystalline materials in the eCO2RR. A summary of the different strategies to improve the catalytic activity of 2D crystalline electrocatalysts in terms of the creation and modulation of active sites, including heteroatom doping, defects engineering, morphology modulation and interface engineering, has significantly improved the performance of eCO2RR and other electrocatalysis processes. image