A Tri-Phases Message Oriented Trust Model in FANET

With advantages of convenience and flexibility, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are widely applied in various fields, such as inspection, agriculture, transportation, and so on. However, due to characteristics of Flying Ad Hoc Network (FANET) consisting of UAVs, such as dynamic topology and limited bandwidth, the security of messages is threatened by cyber attacks. A Tri-Phases Message Oriented Trust Model for FANET is proposed, called TPMOTM, to secure messages. In the proposed work, the message collection process is divided into three phases, including message generation, message transmission, and message integration. In each phase, by analyzing potential attacks and the circumstance of network, the TPMOTM quantifies the specific detection factors to obtain the trust value of messages, including timeliness, detection accuracy, message error rate, relay performance, authentication result, and message loss rate. After messages have been received by the Ground Station (GS), the GS integrates all messages in relation to the detected event, employing the message trust value as the weight, to obtain the state of detected event. Extensive simulations are conducted based on the Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) simulator, with attack message detection rates reaching up to 95% ( $\pm 0.89\%$ ) and event detection accuracy rates typically above 85% ( $\pm 1.21\%$ ).